Month: June 2020

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Foreign Policy Update

HONG KONG

The United States is planning to impose a cost on the decisionmakers who denied voting freedom to the people of Hong Kong if Beijing doesn’t change direction, according to Secretary of State Michael Pompeo. In a recent interview he said that Hong Kong no longer is a highly autonomous region. “That means, “ he said, “that the behavior and the relationships that we have with Hong Kong will look more like the relationships we have with China.”  There are elections scheduled to take place in Hong Kong in September. The US remains concerned that Hong Kong’s nominal leader, Carrie Lam, will not allow the elections to proceed if she believes they will not go the way she wants, which is synonymous with saying she supports Beijing’s effort to control Hong Kong. Pompeo said that if she cancelled the election it would be the “final nail in the coffin that Hong Kong is free or autonomous.

Should it be deemed necessary the US will impose costs on China by denying them the enormous financial benefit they received as a result of Hong Kong being the world’s capital center. According to Pompeo. But, he added, “We don’t want to punish the Hong Kong people.  That is not our objective.”  The goal, he said, is to deter China from continuing its efforts to deny freedom to peoples to whom they had previously promised to them.

CHINA

Pompeo said the US remains concerned over China’s aggressive foreign and military policies over the last two years and, especially during the last six months. “I think many countries are beginning to recognize the threat that is to their people and to their nation as a result of the nature of the Chinese Communist Party and its continued efforts to expand its reach around the world, and I’m confident that will continue to grow and the United States will lead the way in making sure that that group of freedom-loving nations, who found their nations on the idea of individual rights and human dignity, will stay together, and we will ultimately be successful delivering on those for the people of each of our democratic nations,” he said.

IRAN

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Americans sanctions against Iran appear to be working, according to Pompeo. He pointed out in a recent interview that the country had been producing three million barrels a day and this past month they were down to about 70,000 gallons a day. He also noted that the continuing threat from the Islamic Republic of Iran remains. Pompeo said it has violated a number of its nuclear commitments that it signed up for under the JCPOA. He added that the United States put resources in place to deter Iranian aggression on the ground, and that “We’ve put diplomatic power behind uniting the world in a number of ways with respect to Iran’s terrorism.  We have convinced the Germans just last month to designate Hizballah.  We’re working with partners all around the world to continue to constrain Iran’s capacity to ultimately get a nuclear and to limit their capabilities on missiles and terrorism as well.”

On October 2020, the Russians will be free to sell equipment to Iran. Even the Chinese will be able to sell tanks to Iran, according to Pompeo.  He added that “We have a plan that we believe will successfully prevent that from happening.” Even it there is no extension on the prohibition of arms sale to Iran, the Secretary suggested that the US will use its diplomatic capability to prevent it from happening.  “It’s too dangerous to the world to allow Iran, after just what would be now five years of the agreement, to be able to again arm themselves, purchase high-end weapon systems from the Russians and the Iranians, making it even more difficult for us to stop them from building out their nuclear program.  It was a fundamental flaw of the JCPOA, and we’re determined to do everything we can to prevent that expiration of the arms embargo from taking place, “ Pompeo noted. 

CUBA

The US Government announced the addition of seven new sub-entities to the Cuba Restricted List. These seven sub-entities disproportionately benefit the Castro dictatorship. According to the State Department, the regime uses the profits from these businesses to oppress the Cuban people and to fund its interference in Venezuela, at the expense of Cubans or private enterprise in Cuba. Among the seven sub-entities are one military-controlled financial institution, three military-owned hotels, two military-owned scuba diving centers, and one military-owned marine park for tourists. The bulk of Cuba’s tourism industry is owned and operated by the Cuban military.  

DARIA NOVAK served in the United States State Department during the Reagan Administration, and currently is on the Board of the American Analysis of News and Media Inc., which publishes usagovpolicy.com and the New York Analysis of Policy and Government.  Each Saturday, she presents key updates on U.S. foreign policy from the State Department.

Illustration: Pixabay

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31 Years After Tiananmen, China is still a Nightmare Regime

Thirty-one years ago this week our world witnessed the painful birth of a inchoate student revolution in Tiananmen Square. It was brimming with hope, determination, and dreams of ill-defined civil liberties and pluralism. Its symbol was the Goddess of Liberty, with two arms lifted high holding the torch representing freedom. Reminiscent of the United States’ Statue of Liberty, the Chinese version and those behind it, instilled instant fear in Deng Xiaoping and the rest of the CCP leadership. They perceived the chaos it echoed an unacceptable threat to the Party’s legitimacy and its power base. The political mobilization that began with insurgent students demanding better conditions on college campuses and calls for ill-understood democracy, ended with millions joining from around the world to condemn Chinese coup-proofing. But, did the calls for freedom genuinely end in the country when Beijing sent in tanks and fired bullets into the crowd killing hundreds? 

Although Beijing quickly returned to the strict order required to keep the CCP in power and the state apparatus intact, Deng Xiaoping’s regime may have planted the seed of freedom deep in the hearts of China’s sophomoric youth. Three decades later it looks almost mature enough to bloom in Hong Kong.

Authoritarian regimes, like that found in China, fare better when they are able to limit communications, deny access to the outside world, and exert strong central control over the population. China’s highly centralized government has proven repeatedly over its seven decades of resilient CCP rule that it is capable of brutally repressing its own people to achieve total political control. As long as the CCP provided economic prosperity the population remained politically inactive and accepted the dictates of the Party and a constitution with no limits on its executive authority. 

In the early 2000’s China was experiencing fast-paced, double-digit, economic growth that moved the country from a grain importing nation to one that exported high technology products throughout the world. New wealth and a nascent middle class helped citizens overlook the repressive measures that were exploding in number. Economic growth slowed after 2010, but China’s 10-year economic plan still called for an impressive, if unachievable, 6.8% growth rate. The leadership of the CCP lost no time in planning strategically for its emergence on the world scene as a potential hegemon.

Since 1989 the youth of the Tiananmen Square generation entered the work force, the country received permanent status in the WTO, and China emerged as a major power. The Internet crossed the Chinese border and cell phone technology provided the citizenry instant access to a world uncontrolled by the CCP. Rising economic aspirations and exposure to outside influences also resulted in the extreme tightening of controls over society by a regime already under scrutiny for corruption, ill-conceived efforts to reform the economy, widespread pollution, and uneven growth. 

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Last year when Beijing pushed Hong Kong’s government to pass the Fugitive Offenders amendment bill, residents grew concerned the CCP was trying to supersede the autonomy of local authorities. By June 2019, exactly 30 years after the demonstrations in Tiananmen Square, hundreds of thousands protested outside the Hong Kong Legislative Council Complex in a standoff with police. Although the bill was eventually withdrawn from consideration, the rift widened. Last fall the ongoing protests intensified with the shooting of an unarmed protester and two student deaths. Just a few weeks ago Beijing passed a national security bill that bypassed Hong Kong’s local legislative process and sparked new demonstrations and global protest. A whole generation of residents of Hong Kong, well-aware of the massacre in Tiananmen Square on the night of June 4, 1989, have lost trust in their government. It doesn’t bode well for any of the parties involved or Taiwan. Its president Tsai Ing-wen, and the rest of the island, are watching developments closely. If Beijing plans to succeed in its reunification goal with the Republic of China, it needs to reassess how it governs.

The lessons of Tiananmen Square are not lost on the population of Hong Kong or Taiwan. While both identify with the Chinese people and culture, they do not accept the lack of freedoms and repression offered by CCP rule. Perhaps like the periodical Cicada beetle, which is only found in the US, they are mature and ready to emerge this year? When the insect emerges from underground its grows wings and its shell hardens in less than 6 days. The call of the Cicada can be heard a  mile away. And, its eyes can be red, white, or blue!

On June 4, 1989, I was in the Operations Center at the US Department of State working on the Secretary of State’s China Task Force when all hell broke loose in Beijing. The Secretary turned to ask me if we were witnessing the start of a civil war. My answer then was “No, it is too early, and they are not strong enough to stand up successfully to the CCP and the PLA.” Asked that same question in 2020 I would need to rethink my answer. The leadership in Beijing has a strategic choice to make this year as the world may be ready to hear the call of the “Cicada Rising” and hold the communist regime accountable.

DARIA NOVAK served in the United States State Department during the Reagan Administration, and currently is on the Board of the American Analysis of News and Media Inc., which publishes usagovpolicy.com and the New York Analysis of Policy and Government.  Each Friday, she presents key updates on China.

Illustration: Pixabay

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Favoring Funding for Illegals over Essential Services

America’s leftists, casting caution to the wind, have essentially displayed their preference for large personal staffs and programs for illegals aliens, over vital needs .  The great progressive-ruled jurisdictions, such as California and New York City, are threatening to reduce essential services and basic government functions such as police, fire, and education while continuing to fund, and even expand, programs for illegals. 

In California, Governor Newsom has said that  firefighters and police will be the first to be cut “by cities and counties” if Washington doesn’t provide financial aid to his state, which has prioritized profligate funding for illegal aliens. He also threatened to close a veterans home in Barstow.

Financial belt-tightening against police, fire and veterans budgets doesn’t apply to Newsom’s programs for illegals. He seeks to provide $125 million in “COVID relief funds,” which Washington deems illegals ineligible for.

Newsom has also been generous towards his own payroll The L.A. Times reports that his new state budget requests 41 additional staffers.

On the other side of the continent, NYC Mayor Bill de Blasio, known for his 1980’s activisim cheering on the Soviet Union as it put combat equipment in Latin America, is taking a similar path. He, too, has threatened to lay off cops, firemen, and even teachers, all while enhancing help for illegal aliens. He has proposed providing 300,000 illegal aliens with free health care.  Like Newsom, he has increased his personal staff. While seeking support from Washington, he has virtually ignored inquiries into missing city funds, totaling at least $850 million, entrusted to a city program run by his wife.

De Blasio follows the leftist playbook of favoring illegals over the citizenry. His Administration has also established fines for agencies that even use the term, “illegal alien.”

Progressive jurisdictions are seeking to allow illegals to vote in local elections, a bid to enhance the election chance of leftist candidates.  There are legitimate fears that in numerous locations, illegals have, unlawfully, already registered to vote and have actually done so. Moves in NY and California to provide drivers’ licenses to illegals was a major step in that direction.

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There is a specific reason that politicians such as de Blasio and Newsom favor helping illegals and even granting them the vote.  New arrivals to the U.S. generally vote for more leftist politicians, who support broad public assistance programs over essentials such as police, fire, and national defense.  

Ford O’Connell, writing in The Hill reports: “The Democrats can talk until they are blue in the face about their support for stronger border security on the nation’s southern border, but when it comes to the issue of illegal immigration, not only do they have zero interest in getting it under control, they are in fact promoting and incentivizing people to come to the U.S. illegally. The position of today’s Democratic Party on illegal immigration is a radical departure from its stance just a few years ago.” 

The Federation for American Immigration Reform  provides this estimate of costs: “At the federal, state, and local levels, taxpayers shell out approximately $134.9 billion to cover the costs incurred by the presence of more than 12.5 million illegal aliens, and about 4.2 million citizen children of illegal aliens. That amounts to a tax burden of approximately $8,075 per illegal alien family member and a total of $115,894,597,664. The total cost of illegal immigration to U.S. taxpayers is both staggering and crippling. In 2013, FAIR estimated the total cost to be approximately $113 billion.”

The Progressive pro-illegal position has worked to the detriment of working Americans.  In a report to Congress by the Civil Rights Commission, it was noted that “illegal workers are estimated to account for as much as one-third of total immigrants in the United States, and that illegal immigration has tended to increase the supply of low-skilled, low-wage labor available. The Commission found also that about six in 10 adult black males have a high school diploma or less, and are disproportionately employed in the low-skilled labor market in likely competition with immigrants. Evidence for negative effects of such competition ranged from modest to significant, according to the experts who testified, but even those experts who viewed the effects as modest overall found significant effects in occupations such as meatpacking and construction.”

Photo: California Governor Newsom

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Hey Joe! I Am Voting For Trump. Are You Taking My Hard Earned Black Card?

Charles Butler, author of this article, is the host of the Chicago-based radio program “The Reality Check.”He is a retired naval aviator, an entrepreneur, and author of a forthcoming autobiographical book. A black American, he is deeply concerned that the Democrat stranglehold on the black vote has caused considerable harm.

Mr. Biden recently informed Charlemagne, host of the “Breakfast Club” show, “If you have a problem figuring out whether you’re for Trump or me, then you ain’t Black.” Charlemagne played it cool “It don’t have nothing to do with Trump. I want something for my community.” Biden’s statement was delivered in his usual comfortable, liberal, jive-talking banter that he reserves for blacks.

The text messages and video clips of the Breakfast Club interview started to arrive about 9 o’clock. I watched it several times and let the whole interview sink in and surround my thoughts with other Biden racial, offensive comments and our chance Christmas meeting at the Union League Club of Chicago. He was smooth and jive-talking, and his suit immaculate. 

My first thoughts were this interview is priceless for the Trump campaign. Biden has just told millions of Blacks that if you don’t vote for me, then you are not Black. Wow! That took cojones, or did it? When the latest killing of Ahmaud Arbery, who appeared to be assaulted “jogging while Black.” The Arbery incident brought back memories of the police pulling guns on me in NYC, asking what I was running from at 6 a.m. in running clothes with a Walkman attached to my ears was. 

The audacity to make such a claim only validates my premise and conclusion of the last 60 years: Black Americans are the most politically unsophisticated voting bloc in the nationi. The unelected, clerical-oriented Black leadership sold out Blacks in commodification of views, values, and interests, a form of socialism within the democratic process. 

Joe knew he was speaking to Black media when he interspersed his words with “ain’t” and “man.” He was in his comfort zone with Blacks, because he thinks he has Black credentials. He was giving his Home Boy interview, shucking and jiving, and smiling. In the past, Joe could get away with this act, but younger Blacks are looking at the results of 60 years of stable Democrat support when the oppression they experience is from Democrat policies. 

Let’s be clear: Democrats’ policies, platforms, and initiatives have been detrimental to Black’s interests since its creation, and took a new form of systematic oppression under Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal, which is still with us today. 

The Democrat party has refused to address this, or remedy it, and turned a blind eye to Blacks’ calls for equality and employment. They campaign on the issues, but never put them on the legislative agendas. The story never changes. Democrats control urban areas, and Blacks have had one hell of a time in America’s cities. The mainstream media and Democrats do not address the Reverse Migration of thousands of Blacks who are returning to the south over the last 12 years. The Democrats need a new constituency, and they have turned to the illegal, illiterate, uneducated, government-dependent illegal aliens. 

Voting for Democrats on any level of political spectrum means: 

Black Healthcare disparity, defunding HBCUs,  lack of educational opportunities,the denial of business development, social programs that destroy Black families, abortion of Black babies, voter suppression, police misconduct/brutality, prosecutorial malfeasance, the proliferation of drugs, gangs, gun violence, the destruction of socio-economic advancement in the name of bilingualism, multi- culturalism, sanctuary cities, and illegal immigration.

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We must include disarming the law-abiding in favor of saving the lives of criminals, criminal prisoner reform, and returning career criminals to the communities.  

Biden’s follow-on remarks were ignored by mainstream and social media alike. “Take a look at my record, man. I extended the Voting Rights Act 25 years; I have a record that is second to none, the NAACP has endorsed me every time I have run, come on take a look at the record.” Like most Democrats, he voted for and passed bills that had an apt emotional feel-good name, but there were not any enforcement clauses in the law. The Voting Rights of 1965 is a perfect example of excess law and little to no willingness to enforce it. My upcoming book explains how the Executive branch already has the power to enforce the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments to the constitution. 

I first noticed Mr. Biden during a 1975 U.S. Senate video on the T.V. speaking about his opposition to busing I was once a student in a school district that had one of the nation’s worst anti-busing protests, in Pontiac, Michigan, (see the cover Time Magazine Sept. 1970. New York Times article reviewing five years of busing effort.) https://www.nytimes.com/1975/12/03/archives/5-years-of-busing-in-pontiac-mich- gains-and-losses.html 

It is my opinion that former VP Joe Biden has always been a Democrat liberal racist and sleaze bag. He has not been on the right side of an issue in 40 years. Biden supported segregationist Democrats, like Sen. Eastland, (D-MS), and yelled in 1986 and 2012 that his state was once a slave state. Sleaze? How about his creepily rubbing the shoulders of the new Secretary of Defense Ash Carter’s wife’s shoulders during his swearing-in ceremony. Biden is part of the Washington Swamp, and so is his family. 

To be transparent, I am an opponent of busing students out of their community. My experience in Pontiac was there wasn’t any public or school busing actually available for Black students. None! The Black pupils walked over a mile to school every day in the rain, wind, snow, sun without alternative means of getting to school. White pupils rode school buses that lived blocks from the school complex. 

The average Black American holds conservative views and values about these issues. In the name of that great American James Brown, “I don’t want nobody to give nothing, open up the door, I will get it myself!” 

Joe Biden is typical of the White liberal political class person. He is used to interacting with Blacks that protect their fragile status of “white defined” success by smiling and acquiescing to policies and norms that are in direct conflict of the interests of Black Americans. For instance, Blacks are against illegal immigration, LBGT rights, and returning Black criminals to their communities. 

Mr. Biden confirms my belief that “Black Americans who habitually support Democrats are the most politically unsophisticated voting bloc in the country.” The majority of Black Americans have consistently voted for the Democrat party since 1960. However, very few can articulate the reason(s) they are registered or vote for Democrats over their interests. The problem is that Democrats have never fixed the Black problem of equality under the law. Instead, that create new laws and concepts that do not work. Black leaders successfully straggled the race with the noose of Blacks that will never accomplish anything because, like some Whites, they simply do not want more in life. Blacks are the only group in America that measures its success by the lowest denominator of the race.

I ran into Joe Biden at Christmas of last year. He is at ease and smooth as a “brother.” He glided over to me at the Union League Club of Chicago and gave me a warm “soul brother” handshake without a flaw. I tell you he is a lovely man, but he has never resolved in a meaningful way an issue important to Black America, after 40 years in the U.S. Senate. 

Photo: Charles Butler and Joe Biden

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Endangering the Public through “social Justice” Part 2

Judge John H. Wilson (ret.) provided this exclusive article to the New York Analysis of Policy and Government.

While running for Mayor of New York, Bill DeBlasio promised to curtail “Stop and Frisk.”  Though the practice was being deployed less often even before Judge Scheindlin’s ruling, DeBlasio claims to have “changed it intensely.”     According to the ACLU,  “under current-Mayor Bill de Blasio, the NYPD reported 11,629 stops, a 98 percent decrease from 2011.” 

With the decline of “Stop and Frisk” came the repudiation of the “Broken Windows” theory.  “The consensus across the literature is that the relationships proposed by the broken windows theory are untrue,” writes Dan O’Brien in the Daily News.  “Disorder in a neighborhood does not in fact lead to people living there being more likely to commit crimes, either violent or not. Neither does it cause residents to express a greater fear of crime or less attachment to their neighborhood.”  Mr. O’Brien goes on to describe his more enlightened theory, which states that “aggressive tactics create antagonistic relationships between police and the communities they serve. Likewise, we’ve come to understand that efforts to police the precursors of crime as much as crime itself leads to racial profiling…prompted by an activist City Council, the NYPD has partially relaxed its approach in recent years, moving away from criminal consequences and instead issuing civil tickets for many infractions.” 

But are these recent theories true?  In fact, it appears that most critics of the “Broken Windows” policing method continue to confuse Wilson and Kelling’s theory with the practice of “Stop and Frisk.”

Those who live in cities where the new, activist view of policing has been accepted are living with the results.  In New York State, before the coronavirus pandemic occurred, a No-Bail policy was instituted early this year.  Under this law, judges must release those accused of crimes under the least restrictive bond conditions.  It is too soon to see the full effect of this change, but early indicators are that crime is on the rise – according to the New York Post, “there were 16,343 major crimes reported in the first two months of 2020, compared to 13,648 over the same period in 2019 — for an increase of 2,695.”  https://nypost.com/2020/03/05/bail-reform-a-significant-reason-for-crime-spike-nypd-says/

Since the pandemic, leftist activists have taken their opportunity to correct more of the “disparities” they perceive to be inherent in the criminal justice system.  Not satisfied with having the majority of those accused of crimes released, a concerted effort is now being made to release the few who are still incarcerated.  Quoting the New York Post once more, “The Legal Aid Society and Bronx Defenders have been petitioning courts in the five boroughs since the outbreak of the coronavirus, arguing that inmates, particularly those who are older or have medical conditions, are more vulnerable to COVID-19 inside the confines of city jails.”  The result?  “At least 50 of the 1,500 inmates cut loose amid fears of the spread of COVID-19 behind bars in recent weeks have already landed back in jail — and in some cases were set free yet again, according to police sources and records.”  

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50 out of 1500 may not sound like a lot – but those released were accused of violent crimes, committed after they had been arrested and incarcerated for other violent crimes. One inmate “initially jailed for allegedly setting his girlfriend’s door on fire and choking her mother…was released early only to return to the Bronx apartment and allegedly threaten to kill the whole family.  Another prisoner who is accused of assaulting a Department of Homeless services officer and was later set free was arrested for punching an agency sergeant just two days after his release, records show.” 

California, which has similar “No-bail” laws to those in New York, has instituted a zero-cash bail emergency mandate during the pandemic.  This has led to instances where a felon was arrested twice in five days for stealing cars and another man was arrested three times in one day.  Both were given citations and released after each arrest.

Does this level of disorder lead to the destabilization of a neighborhood where these crimes occur, sometimes two or three times in a short period of time by the same individual?  Would the residents of such a neighborhood have a greater fear of crime?  Would those same residents like to see a more aggressive enforcement approach from their local police force?

Maybe its time to reevaluate the criticism that’s been heaped on the “Broken Windows” theory, and return to a policy that stops crime in its infancy, before a criminal feels comfortable enough to ignore the police, and continue his criminal activity undeterred by arrest and incarceration.

 Photo: Pixabay

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Endangering the Public through “social Justice”

Judge John H. Wilson (ret.) provided this exclusive article to the New York Analysis of Policy and Government.

In 1982, social scientists James Q Wilson and George L. Kelling wrote an article for The Atlantic called simply “Broken Windows,” in which the two detailed the efforts of the Newark Police Department to reinstitute foot patrols in some of the worst neighborhoods of that city.  The theory was explained this way: “disorder and crime are usually inextricably linked…if a window in a building is broken and is left unrepaired, all the rest of the windows will soon be broken. This is as true in nice neighborhoods as in rundown ones…one unrepaired broken window is a signal that no one cares, and so breaking more windows costs nothing.” 

In 1993, when Rudolph Giuliani was elected Mayor of New York City, he nominated Transit Police Chief William Bratton to be Commissioner of the NYPD.  Bratton, who had been influenced by Kelling, wasted no time in putting the “Broken Windows” theory into practice.  Uniformed police officers were returned to foot posts across the city; citations for minor crimes were issued more often, and many people were taken into custody for minor offenses like selling loose cigarettes or smoking a marijuana cigarette.

As this enforcement effort continued, the result was obvious.  In 1990, New York recorded 2,605 murders.  By 1999, that number had dropped to 903.  Reported robberies went from 112,380 in 1990 to 43,821 in 1999.  Overall, violent crime was reduced from 212,458 to 107,147 during that same time period. 

While the overall policy of “Broken Windows” was in practice, specific programs were put into practice under its broad umbrella, one of which was “Stop, Question and Frisk,” which came to be called “Stop and Frisk.”  As described by George L. Kelling and William Bratton in 2015, Stop, Question and Frisk was “based on reasonable suspicion that a crime has occurred, is occurring, or is about to occur. An officer observes someone, say, going from car to car looking into the windows. Exercising discretion, the officer decides whether to stop the person for questioning. If he suspects that the subject is armed and dangerous, he may frisk him by conducting a pat-down of his outer clothing. If the officer detects an object that may be a weapon, he may reach into the subject’s pocket.” 

As reasonable as this policy may sound on paper, Kelling and Bratton admitted that the practice grew to become a problem.  “Stops reached a peak of nearly 700,000 per year in 2011. A large percentage of those stopped were minorities, and critics and plaintiffs in federal court proceedings questioned whether all these stops could have been based on reasonable suspicion, especially when only 6 percent resulted in arrests.”

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It did not matter that the majority of criminal activity occurred in minority neighborhoods, and that the majority of crime victims were minorities  – social justice warriors and other advocates had the weapon they needed to reverse the policies of the Giuliani Administration.  In 2008, the Center for Constitutional Rights filed Floyd v. City of New York, “to challenge the New York Police Department’s practices of racial profiling and unconstitutional stop and frisks of New York City residents.” The result of this litigation?  “On August 12, 2013, following a nine-week trial, (federal judge Shira Scheindlin) found the New York City Police Department liable for a pattern and practice of racial profiling and unconstitutional stops.”  .

In her opinion, Judge Scheindlin put a knife through the heart of “Stop, Question and Frisk” – “Those who are routinely subjected to stops are overwhelmingly people of color, and they are justifiably troubled to be singled out when many of them have done nothing to attract the unwanted attention. Some plaintiffs testified that stops make them feel unwelcome in some parts of the City, and distrustful of the police. This alienation cannot be good for the police, the community, or its leaders. Fostering trust and confidence between the police and the community would be an improvement for everyone.” 

She also appointed a federal monitor, who to this day, continues to issue status reports on the NYPD’s efforts to engage in a “joint reform process.”

The Report concludes tomorrow

Photo: Pixabay